Signal intensity enhancement of μ-LIF by using ultra-thin laser sheet illumination and aqueous mixture with ethanol/methanol for micro-channel applications

Measurement of concentration distributions of suspended particles in a micro-channel is one of the most crucial necessities in the area of Lab-on-a-chip to be used for various bio-chemical applications. One most feasible way to measure the concentration field in the micro-channel is using μ-LIF (micro-scale laser-induced fluorescence) method. However, an accurate concentration field at a given cross-plane in a micro-channel has not been successfully achieved so far due to various limitations in the light illumination and fluorescence signal detection. The present study demonstrates a novel method to provide an ultra-thin laser sheet beam having 5 μm thickness using a micro-focus laser line generator. The laser sheet beam illuminates an exact plane of concentration measurement field to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and considerably reduce the depth uncertainty.Nile Blue A was used as fluorescent dye for the present LIF measurement. The enhancement of the fluorescent intensity signals was performed by a solvent mixture of water (95%) and ethanol (EtOH)/methanol (MeOH) (5%) mixture. To reduce the rms errors resulting from the CCD electronic noise and other sources, an expansion of grid size was attempted from 1×1 to 3×3 or 5×5 pixel data windows and the pertinent signal-to-noise level has been noticeably increased accordingly.     

用于先进半导体制程的光刻反向计算技术(ILT)

此篇论文将介绍一个用于半导体光罩上图样设计以及可用于实际生产的光刻反向计算技术（ILT）。在论文中将讨论有关ILT的最新发展，包括在超成像极限协助图样（SRAF）的生成，可增加制程宽容度的ILT，以及如何生成满足光罩生产标准的图样等方面。从内部的研究结果和客户的使用结果可以看出，ILT已经不再只是一种用于研究的工具，而是已经可以用于先进半导体制程的大规模生产。在对各个环节优化之后，ILT可以增加制程的宽容度，同时将光罩的成本控制在可以接受的水平。     

一种用于测定F~-的比色和荧光增强型探针

本文利用F~-诱导Si-O键断裂原理,以亚胺香豆素为荧光母体,成功合成了一种比色和荧光增强型F~-探针。由于探针分子结构的自由度较大,探针分子在乙腈溶液中几乎没有荧光,但随着F~-的加入探针分子经历Si-O键断裂及成环反应,生成具有较大共轭结构的环化产物,其荧光光谱在452nm处呈现出显著的荧光峰(荧光增强46倍),溶液的最大吸收峰由315nm红移至410nm(红移95nm),溶液的颜色由无色变为黄色,适用于裸眼检测F~-。同时,相对于其他阴离子(Cl~-、Br~-、I~-、NO_3~-、HSO_4~-、ClO_4~-、Ac~-、H_2PO_4~-),探针分子表现出对F~-较高的选择性和专一性,为F~-浓度的监测提供了一种高效灵敏的分析方法。     

纳米银增敏化学发光体系测定间苯二酚

采用柠檬酸钠包覆化学还原法制备纳米银粒子,将该纳米银粒子加入到碱性鲁米诺-铁氰化钾化学发光体系,体系的化学发光强度明显增强,而间苯二酚的加入能抑制该体系的化学发光,据此建立了流动注射化学发光法定量分析痕量间苯二酚的新方法.考察了鲁米诺、铁氰化钾、氢氧化钠以及纳米银浓度对化学发光体系的影响.在优化的实验条件下,该方法测定...     

原子吸收光度法测定钢铁及合金中的铌量

本法叙述了一氧化二氮－乙炔火焰原子吸收光度法测定铌量，用鞣酸沉淀分离和在盐酸－氢氟酸介质中加入增感剂三氯化铝，灵敏度１２μｇ／ｍＬ／１％吸收，检出限６．１μｇ／ｍＬ。     

A comparison of subglottal and intraoral pressure measurements during phonation

Intraoral pressure and subglottal pressure, derived from tracheal puncture, were recorded with the electroglottographic signal for one normal speaking male during phonation. The mean subglottal pressure for vowels was also estimated by interpolating the intraoral pressure from surrounding /p/ occlusions. The pressure measurements were highly correlated (r = 0.98) and there were small pressure value differences (on average <2%). The effects of varying speech rate and mode of phonation on the pressure measurements are discussed. A decrease in pressure from the mean subglottal pressure for the open phase and an increase for the closed phase was found during the glottal vibratory cycles.     

Is There an Effect of Dysphonic Teachers' Voices on Children's Processing of Spoken Language?

There is a vast body of literature on the causes, prevalence, implications, and issues of vocal dysfunction in teachers. However, the educational effect of teacher vocal impairment is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of impaired voice quality on children's processing of spoken language. One hundred and seven children (age range, 9.2 to 10.6, mean 9.8, SD 3.76 months) listened to three video passages, one read in a control voice, one in a mild dysphonic voice, and one in a severe dysphonic voice. After each video passage, children were asked to answer six questions, with multiple-choice answers. The results indicated that children's perceptions of speech across the three voice qualities differed, regardless of gender, IQ, and school attended. Performance in the control voice passages was better than performance in the mild and severe dysphonic voice passages. No difference was found between performance in the mild and severe dysphonic voice passages, highlighting that any form of vocal impairment is detrimental to children's speech processing and is therefore likely to have a negative educational effect. These findings, in light of the high rate of vocal dysfunction in teachers, further support the implementation of specific voice care education for those in the teaching profession.     

Acoustic analysis of voice in multiple sclerosis patients

The objective is to investigate the presence of dysphonic symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to compare quantitative acoustic parameters in multiple sclerosis patients and normal individuals. The method of study was an 8-month controlled cross-sectional that was carried out with 106 individuals (30 MS, 76 controls). Both groups included males and females from 20 to 55 years. Exclusion criteria were prior vocal disorder, laryngeal microsurgery, recent endotracheal intubation, tumors, laryngeal, lung or mediastinal metastases, respiratory disease, and other associated neurological diagnoses. For dysphonic symptoms (qualitative variables), associations were assessed using Mantel-Haenszel's chi2 test, with Yates correction or the Fisher exact test when necessary. Statistical significance was set at p< or =0.05. Dysphonia was observed in 70% of MS individuals versus 33% of controls (p=0.01). Association was found between MS and dysphonia (OR: 2.2, CI 95%: 1.13-4.25). Fundamental frequency was higher among MS patients (p=0.01). Fundamental frequency deviation was significantly higher in MS women (but not men) than controls (p=0.00). Jitter was higher in MS men than in all other groups (p=0.00). Results suggest that evaluation and treatment of MS patients should be revised, evaluating voice alterations in relation to other signs. MS seems to intensify gender effect on fundamental frequency deviation, noise, and jitter, with MS women presenting fewer voice variations than men.     

利用语音学知识和神经网络识别非特定人的复合元音

本文主要研究：以音素为识别基元，运用语音学知识，对非特定人的普通话复合元音进行识别。其特点是音素识别由神经网络（ＮＮ）完成，为了便于利用语音知识ＮＮ输入层的刺激采用语音的功率谱，用单元音训练的ＮＮ识另非特定人的普通话复合元音，识别率是５４％。而运用语音学知识后，其识别率提高到９０％。